Atopic Dermatitis in Childhood Not Linked to Early Cardiovascular Risk

METHODOLOGY:

Researchers conducted a longitudinal cohort study using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children and analyzed 9281 individuals (49.69% female; 95.74% White) with AD and with at least one cardiovascular disease risk factor at one or more timepoints.
Active AD was defined as at least two parent- or self-reports of itchy, dry skin rash in the joints and creases of the body in the past year; AD activity and severity were assessed repeatedly from 6 months to 18 years of age.
The primary outcome was cardiometabolic risk scores calculated at ages 15 and 17 years. Markers of cardiovascular risk, BMI, blood pressure, and lipid profiles, were measured up to 12 times between ages 3 and 24 years; subclinical atherosclerosis markers (carotid artery intima media thickness and pulse wave velocity) were assessed at ages 17 and 24 years.
The prevalence of active AD ranged from 13% to 22% across ages 3-18 years, and moderate or severe disease was reported in 3.5%-6.9% at each age.

AD was not associated with cardiometabolic risk scores at ages 15 or 17.
Similarly, no consistent associations were observed between AD and cardiovascular risk factors; only two associations between AD and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were statistically significant, but they differed in direction at ages 3 (mean difference, -0.33; P < .05) and 10 (mean difference, 0.14; P < .05).
No consistent associations were observed between AD (by activity or severity) and individual cardiovascular risk factors at 17 and 24 years; only isolated associations were noted for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure in specific AD trajectory groups.
AD disease trajectory phenotypes were not consistently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis measures at ages 17 and 24 years; however, a small increase in pulse wave velocity was found in the moderate-declining group at age 17 (mean difference, 0.11).

Engineered blood clots stop bleeding in seconds The blood in the vascular system of the body supports vital functions, but when it leaves the body, it must quickly form a strong protective barrier — a clot that prevents death. However, because natural blood clots are known to form very slowly, heavy bleeding from accidents, battlefield injuries, and surgical complications leads to many potentially preventable deaths. In an article for the journal Nature, Jiang et al. They talked about the achievements of bioengineering that solve this problem by fundamentally changing the structure of blood clots.

Cardiac resynchronisation therapy among adults with a systemic right ventricle: a multicentre experience Researchers conducted an international retrospective study including patients over 18 years of age from 33 centers with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) after atrial switch surgery and congenitally corrected TGA.

Cardiovascular disease in Sickle cell: mechanisms, diagnostics and therapeutic advances Cardiovascular complications are increasingly recognized as a major cause of morbidity and early mortality in patients with sickle cell disease, yet they remain underdiagnosed and underestimated. In a new review, the authors summarize current knowledge on a wide range of cardiovascular manifestations, including myocardial dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac iron overload, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden death, with an emphasis on their unique pathophysiological mechanisms in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.

Parsimonious machine learning model to predict 1-year mortality and procedural futility after transcatheter aortic valve replacement Current risk assessment scores are insufficiently accurate in predicting long-term mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement, limiting their usefulness for decision-making regarding the feasibility of the procedure. The researchers aimed to develop and test a machine learning model on external data using only preoperative variables to predict all-cause mortality within one year.

Congenital heart disease in England: a national cohort study from fetal diagnosis to end of infancy Population-based studies of congenital heart defects (CHDs) often include only children who have undergone cardiac surgery, leading to an underestimation of the number of cases that do not require intervention. In a new study, the authors analyzed the outcomes of all identified cases of structural CHDs in England from prenatal to one year of age.